Map of Maya astronomical tables late Postclassic period (1300 to 1521 C.E.), but Classic period (200 to 900 C.E.) precursors have been found. In 2011, a small painted room was excavated at the extensive ancient Maya ruins of Xultun, Guatemala, dating to the early 9th century C.E.
Astronomical tables dating to the golden age of Maya civilization has found. It has unexpectedly come to light on the walls of a roughly 1,200-year-old time in Guatemala.
Many of these hieroglyphs are calendrical in nature and relate astronomical computations, including at least two tables concerning the movement of the Moon, and perhaps Mars and Venus. These apparently represent early astronomical tables and may shed light on the later books.
Until now, Maya astronomical tables were known from bark-paper books, known as the Dresden Codex, created 400 years or more after the ancient civilization’s demise around 900, the researchers report in the May 11 Science.
According to Science The Xultun finds provide the first direct evidence of astronomical information from the summit of Maya glyphic literacy, the Classic period. It’s as though someone today took a university textbooks and painted it on a wall.
Referring to Dresden Codex calculations of a starting time for astronomical tables, the Brickers say that corresponding numbers at Xultun record a period of almost exactly 198 eclipse seasons. Each 37-day eclipse season contains at least one solar and one lunar eclipse.
Ritual specialists at Xultun, like the authors of the Dresden Codex, were concerned not only with the moon’s monthly cycle but with the much longer cycle of solar and lunar eclipses,
The number 13 held special significance for organizing the Maya calendar.
A plaster bench in the Xultun room, resembling benches Maya rulers used at royal court meetings, sits in front of a painting of a king talking to a kneeling attendant. Maya vases show similar court scenes, sometimes with humans and gods writing on tablets.
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